VOCAL TRACT MODELLING WITH RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORKS
Tina Burrows and Mahesan Niranjan
1995
In this paper, the speech production system is modelled using the true glottal excitation as the source and a recurrent neural network to represent the vocal tract. The hidden nodes have multiple delays of one and two samples, making the network equivalent to a parallel formant synthesiser in the linear regions of the hidden node sigmoids. An ARX model identification is carried out to initialise the neural network parameters. These parameters are re-estimated in an analysis-by-synthesis framework to minimise the synthesis (output) error. Unlike other analysis-by-synthesis speech production models such as CELP, the source and filter in this approach are decoupled, enabling manipulation of the source time-scale to achieve high quality pitch changes.
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