Machine Intelligence Laboratory

Cambridge University Department of Engineering

Dr Graham Treece, Department of Engineering

Publications

Patent Applications

  1. G. M. Treece and K. E. S. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping. WO 2011/042738, published 14th April 2011 (App. Num, PCT/GB2010/051671), filed 6th October 2010. GB (App. Num. GB0917524.1), filed 7th October 2009.

  2. J. E. Lindop and G. M. Treece. Data quality in strain image display. WO 2008/132504, published 6th November 2008 (App. Num. PCT/GB2008/050293), filed 24th April 2008. GB (App. Num. GB0708358.7), filed 1st May 2007.

  3. J. E. Lindop and G. M. Treece. Weighted phase separation. WO 2007/135450, published 29th November 2007 (App. Num. PCT/GB2007/050163), filed 28th March 2007. GB2438461 (App. Num. GB0610172.9), filed 23rd May 2006.

  4. J. E. Lindop and G. M. Treece. Amplitude modulation correction. WO 2007/110669, published 4th October 2007 (App. Num. PCT/GB2007/050158), filed 27th March 2007. GB2436655 (App. Num. GB0606125.3), filed 28th March 2006.

Journal Papers

  1. N. Hong, J. H. Kim, G. Treece, H. C. Kim, J. Y. Choi, Y. Rhee. Cortical and Trabecular Bone Deficit in Middle-Aged Men Living with HIV. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 38, No. 9, pp. 1288-1295, September 2023.

  2. T. D. Turmezei, S. B Low, S. Rupret, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, J. W. MacKay, J. A. Lynch, K. E. S. Poole, N. A. Segal. Multiparametric 3-D Analysis of Bone and Joint Space Width at the Knee from Weight Bearing Computed Tomography. Osteoarthritis Imaging, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 100069, June 2022.

  3. G. M. Treece. Real Image Denoising with a Locally-Adaptive Bitonic Filter. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 31, pp. 3151-3165, April 2022.

  4. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, R. A. Pearson, A. H. Gee, M. A. Bolognese, J. P. Brown, S. Goemaere, A. Grauer, D. A. Hanley, C. Mautalen, C. Recknor, Y. C. Yang, M. Rojeski, C. Libanati and T. Whitmarsh. Romosozumab enhances vertebral bone structure in women with low bone density. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 256-264, February 2022.

  5. N. Hong, S. W. Burm, G. Treece, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. Lee, S. Shin and Y. Rhee. Protective effect of bisphosphonate on the cortical bone at key locations of the femur in aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss: A three-dimensional cortical bone mapping study. Journal of Bone Oncology, Vol.32, pp. 100409, February 2022.

  6. T. D. Turmezei, S. B. Low, S. Rupret, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, J. W. MacKay, J. A. Lynch, K. E. S. Poole and N. A. Segal. Quantitative Three-dimensional Assessment of Knee Joint Space Width from Weight-bearing CT. Radiology, Vol. 299, No. 3, pp. 649-659, June 2021.

  7. A. H. Gee, Y. Zhao, G. M. Treece and M. L. Bance. Practicable assessment of cochlear size and shape from clinical CT images. Scientific Reports, Vol. 11, No. 3448, February 2021.

  8. J. W. MacKay, J. D. Kaggie, G. M. Treece, S. M. McDonnell, W. Khan, A. R. Roberts, R. L. Janiczek, M. J. Graves, T. D. Turmezei, A. W. McCaskie and F. J. Gilbert. Three‐Dimensional Surface‐Based Analysis of Cartilage MRI Data in Knee Osteoarthritis: Validation and Initial Clinical Application. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 1139-1151, October 2020.

  9. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, S. Sigurdsson, H. Jonsson, T. Aspelund, V. Gudnason and K. E. S. Poole. Quantitative 3D imaging parameters improve prediction of hip osteoarthritis outcome. Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, No. 4127, March 2020.

  10. G. M. Treece. Morphology-based Noise Reduction: Structural Variation and Thresholding in the Bitonic Filter. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 29, pp. 336-350, 2020.

  11. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, R. Houlden and K. E. S. Poole. A new quantitative 3D approach to imaging of structural joint disease. Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, No. 9280, June 2018.

  12. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and K. E. S. Poole. How does the femoral cortex depend on bone shape? A methodology for the joint analysis of surface texture and shape. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 45, pp. 55-67, April 2018.

  13. R. A. Pearson, G. M. Treece. Measurement of the bone endocortical region using clinical CT. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 44, pp. 28-40, February 2018.

  14. D. Thurtle, G. M. Treece, T. Barrett and V. J. Gnanapragasam. Novel three-dimensional bone ‘mapping’ software can help assess progression of osseous metastases from routine CT. Radiation Oncology, Vol. 12, No. 143, September 2017.

  15. Z. J. Tsegai, N. B. Stephens, G. M. Treece, M. M. Skinner, T. L. Kivell, A. H. Gee. Cortical bone mapping: An application to hand and foot bones in hominoids. Comptes Rendus Palevol, Vol. 16, pp. 690-701, August 2017.

  16. Z. J. Tsegai, M. M. Skinner, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, J.-J. Hublin, T. L. Kivell. Trabecular and cortical bone structure of the talus and distal tibia in Pan and Homo. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 163, pp. 784-805, May 2017.

  17. T. Whitmarsh. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. S. Poole. An exploratory study into measuring the cortical bone thickness from CT in the presence of metal implants. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, pp. 1-8, February 2017.

  18. G. Treece. Refinement of clinical X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans containing metal implants. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, Vol. 56, pp. 11-23, March 2017.

  19. K. Poole, L. Skingle, A. Gee, T. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, K. Blesic, C. Rose, M. Vindlacheruvu, S. Donell, J. Vaculik, P. Dungl, M. Horak, J. Stepan, J. Reeve, G. Treece. Focal osteoporosis defects play a key role in hip fracture. Bone, Vol. 94, pp. 124-134, January 2017.

  20. G. M. Treece. The bitonic filter: linear filtering in an edge-preserving morphological framework. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol. 25, No. 11, pp. 5199-5211, November 2016.

  21. T. Whitmarsh, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. S. Poole. The effects on the femoral cortex of a 24 month treatment compared to an 18 month treatment with teriparatide: a multi-trial retrospective analysis. PLoS ONE 11(2): e0147722, February 2016.

  22. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. J. Tonkin, D. M. Black, K. E. S. Poole. Association between femur size and a focal defect of the superior femoral neck. Bone, Vol. 81, pp. 60-66, December 2015.

  23. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, A. F. Fotiadou, K. E. S. Poole. Quantitative 3D analysis of bone in hip osteoarthritis using clinical computed tomography. European Radiology, pp. 1-8, October 2015.

  24. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, C. Tonkin, S. K. Ewing, P. M. Cawthon, D. M. Black, K. E. S. Poole. Predicting hip fracture type with cortical bone mapping (CBM) in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 30, No. 11, pp. 2067-2077, November 2015.

  25. S. Allison, K. E.S. Poole, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, C. Tonkin, W. J. Rennie, J. P. Folland, G. D. Summers, K. Brooke-Wavell The influence of high impact exercise on cortical and trabecular bone mineral content and 3D distribution across the proximal femur in older men: a randomised controlled unilateral intervention. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1709-1716, September 2015.

  26. T. Whitmarsh, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. S. Poole. Mapping bone changes at the proximal femoral cortex of postmenopausal women in response to alendronate and teriparatide alone, combined or sequentially. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 30, No. 7, pp. 1309-1318, July 2015.

  27. G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical CT. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 249-264, January 2015.

  28. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, J. P. Brown, M. R. McClung, A. Wang and C. Libanati. Denosumab Rapidly Increases Cortical Bone in Key Locations of the Femur: A 3D Bone Mapping Study in Women with Osteoporosis. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 46-54, January 2015.

  29. A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Systematic misregistration and the statistical analysis of surface data. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 385-393, February 2014.

  30. U. Z. Ijaz, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Multidirectional scattering models for 3-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 699-714, April 2013.

  31. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Ultrasonic imaging of 3D displacement vectors using a simulated 2D array and beamsteering. Ultrasonics, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 615-621, February 2013.

  32. E. Dyer, U. Z. Ijaz, R. Housden, R. Prager, A. Gee and G. Treece. A clinical system for three-dimensional extended-field-of-view ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 85, No. 1018, pp. e919-e924, 2012.

  33. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, P. M. Mayhew, J. Vaculik, P.Dungl, M. Horak, J. J. Stepan and A. H. Gee. Cortical thickness mapping to identify focal osteoporosis in patients with hip fracture. PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, No. 6, e38466, June 2012.

  34. G. M. Treece, K. E. S. Poole and A. H. Gee. Imaging the femoral cortex: thickness, density and mass from clinical CT. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 952-965, July 2012.

  35. K. Taylor, S. O'Keefe, P. D. Britton, G. M. Treece, R. J. Housden, D. Parashar, S. Bond and R. Sinnatamby. Ultrasound elastography as an adjuvant to conventional ultrasound in the preoperative assessment of axillary lymph nodes in suspected breast cancer: a pilot study. Clinical Radiology, Vol. 66, No. 11, pp. 1064-1071, November 2011.

  36. E. Neale, R. Housden, G. Treece, R. Crawford, A. Gee, E. Sala and R. Prager. A pilot study using Trans-vaginal Real-time Ultrasound Elastography to evaluate the post-menopausal endometrium. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 235-236, August 2011.

  37. R. J. Housden, L. Chen, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. Uff, J. Fromageau, L. Garcia, R. W. Prager, N. L. Doward and J. C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of ultrasonic strain image volumes. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 434--441, March 2011.

  38. W. H. Gomersall, D. Hodgson, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Efficient implementation of spatially-varying 3D ultrasound deconvolution. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 58, No. 1, pp. 234-238, January 2011.

  39. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, G. R. Ridgway, P. M. Mayhew, J. Borggrefe and A. H. Gee. Targeted regeneration of bone in the osteoporotic human femur. PLoS ONE, Vol. 6, No. 1, e16190, January 2011.

  40. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A normalization method for axial-shear strain elastography. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 57, No. 12, pp. 2833-2838, December 2010.

  41. U. Z. Ijaz, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Optimization strategies for ultrasound volume registration. Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 21, No. 8, 085804, 2010.

  42. L. Chen, S. J. Freeman, A. H. Gee, R. J. Housden, R. W. Prager, R. Sinnatamby and G. M. Treece. Initial clinical experience of an ultrasonic strain imaging system with novel noise-masking capability. British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 83, No. 992, pp. 702-706, August 2010.

  43. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, P. M. Mayhew and K. E. S. Poole. High resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 276-290, June 2010.

  44. L. Chen, J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. IEEE Transactions in Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, Vol. 57, No. 4, April 2010.

  45. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. 3-D ultrasonic strain imaging using freehand scanning and a mechanically-swept probe. IEEE Transactions in Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 57, No. 2, pp. 501-506, February 2010.

  46. H.-C. Shin, R. Prager, H. Gomersall, N. Kingsbury, G. Treece and A. Gee. Estimation of average speed of sound using deconvolution of medical ultrasound data. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 623-636, January 2010.

  47. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Uniform precision ultrasound strain imaging. IEEE Transactions in Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, Vol. 56, No. 11, pp. 2420-2436, November 2009.

  48. E. J. Harris, R. Symonds-Taylor, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, P. Brabants, P. M. Evans. Evaluation of a three-dimensional ultrasound localisation system incorporating probe pressure correction for use in partial breast irradiation. British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 82, no. 982, pp. 839-846, October 2009.

  49. L. Chen, G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A quality-guided displacement tracking algorithm for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Medical Image Analysis, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 286-296, April 2009.

  50. H.-C. Shin, R. Prager, J. Ng, H. Gomersall, N. Kingsbury, G. Treece and A. Gee. Sensitivity to point-spread function parameters in medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Ultrasonics, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 344-257, March 2009.

  51. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. The general properties including accuracy and resolution of linear-filtering methods for strain estimation. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, Vol. 55, No. 11, pp. 2363-2368, November 2008.

  52. P.-W. Hsu, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, N. E. Houghton and A. H. Gee. Comparison of freehand 3-D ultrasound calibration techniques using a stylus. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 34, No. 10, pp. 1610-1621, October 2008.

  53. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager and G. M. Treece. Rotational motion in sensorless freehand three-dimensional ultrasound. Ultrasonics, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 412-422, September 2008.

  54. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. An intelligent interface for freehand strain imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 1117-1128, July 2008.

  55. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in ultrasonic strain imaging. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 809-823, May 2008.

  56. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Freehand ultrasound elastography with a 3D probe. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 463-474, March 2008.

  57. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 239-251, February 2008.

  58. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Phase-based ultrasonic deformation estimation. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 94-111, January 2008.

  59. R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Calibration of an orientation sensor for freehand 3D ultrasound and its use in a hybrid acquisition system. Biomedical Engineering Online, Vol. 7, no. 5, January 2008.

  60. C. J. C. Cash, C. E. Coles, G. M. Treece, A. D. Purushotham, P. Britton, R. Sinnatamby, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager, Breast cancers: noninvasive method of preoperative localization with three-dimensional US and surface contour mapping. Radiology, Vol. 245, No. 2, pp. 556-566, November 2007.

  61. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Estimation of displacement location for enhanced strain imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 54, No. 9, pp. 1751-1771, September 2007.

  62. C. E. Coles, C. J. C. Cash, G. M. Treece, F. N. A. C. Miller, A. C. F. Hoole, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, R. Sinnatamby, P. Britton, J. S. Wilkinson, A. D. Purushotham and N. G. Burnet. High definition three-dimensional ultrasound to localise the tumour bed: a breast radiotherapy planning study. Radiotherapy and Oncology, Vol. 84, No. 3, pp. 233-241, September 2007.

  63. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager, Ultrasound compounding with automatic attenuation compensation using paired angle scans. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 630-642, April 2007.

  64. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee, Wavelet restoration of medical pulse-echo ultrasound images in an EM framework. IEEE Transations on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 550-568, March 2007.

  65. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager, Sensorless reconstruction of unconstrained freehand 3D ultrasound data. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 408-419, March 2007.

  66. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager, Subsample interpolation strategies for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1897-1904, December 2006.

  67. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece, Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 823-835, June 2006.

  68. A. H. Gee, R. J. Housden, P. Hassenpflug, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager, Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound in real tissue: Speckle decorrelation without fully developed speckle. Medical Image Analysis. Vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 137-149, April 2006.

  69. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. 3D elastography using freehand ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 529-545, April 2006.

  70. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Modelling ultrasound imaging as a linear, shift-variant system. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control. Vol. 53, No. 3, pp. 549-563, March 2006.

  71. C. J. C. Cash, A. M. Sardesai, L. H. Berman, M. J. Herrick, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Spatial mapping of the brachial plexus using three-dimensional ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology. Vol. 78, No. 936, pp. 1086-1094, December 2005.

  72. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Ultrasound attenuation measurement in the presence of scatterer variation for reduction of shadowing and enhancement. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control. Vol. 52, No. 12, pp. 2346-2360, December 2005.

  73. P. Hassenpflug, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3-D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 31, No. 11, pp. 1499-1508, November 2005.

  74. C. J. C. Cash, G. M. Treece, L. H. Berman, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. 3D reconstruction of the skeletal anatomy of the normal neonatal foot using 3D ultrasound. British Journal of Radiology. Vol. 78, No. 931, pp. 587-595, July 2005.

  75. A. H. Gee, N. E. Houghton, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. A mechanical instrument for 3D ultrasound probe calibration. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 505-518, April 2005.

  76. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Erratum: RF and amplitude-based probe pressure correction for 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 871-874, June 2005.

  77. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. RF and amplitude-based probe pressure correction for 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 493-503, April 2005.

  78. C. J. C. Cash, L. Berman, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Two and three dimensional ultrasound in the development of a needle-free injection system. British Journal of Radiology. Vol. 77, pp. 236-242, March 2004.

  79. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Rapid registration for wide field-of-view freehand three-dimensional ultrasound. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. Vol. 22, No. 11, pp. 1344-1357, November 2003.

  80. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. High definition freehand 3D ultrasound. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 529-546, April 2003.

  81. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound using regression of the echo intensity. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 437-446, March 2003.

  82. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and L. Berman. Decompression and speckle detection for ultrasound images using a homodyned k-distribution. Pattern Recognition Letters. Vol. 24, No. 4-5, pp. 705-713, 2003.

  83. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound. Medical Image Analysis. Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 199-214, October 2002.

  84. A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and L. Berman. Narrow-band volume rendering for freehand 3D ultrasound. Computers and Graphics. Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 463-476, 2002.

  85. R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound without voxels: volume measurement and visualisation using the Stradx system. Ultrasonics. Vol. 40, No. 1-8, pp. 109-115, 2002.

  86. R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Analysis of speckle in ultrasound images using fractional-order statistics of the homodyned k-distribution. Ultrasonics. Vol. 40, No. 1-8, pp. 133-137, 2002.

  87. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Volume-based three-dimensional metamorphosis using automatic region correspondence. The Visual Computer. Vol. 17, No. 7, pp. 397-414, 2001.

  88. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. Vol. 19, No. 11, pp. 1106-1114, November 2000.

  89. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. 3D ultrasound measurement of large organ volume. Medical Image Analysis. Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 41-54, March 2001.

  90. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Regularised marching tetrahedra: improved iso-surface extraction. Computers and Graphics. Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 583-598, 1999.

  91. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Fast Surface and Volume Estimation from Non-parallel Cross-sections for Freehand 3-D Ultrasound. Medical Image Analysis. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 141-173, 1999.

Invited Journal Articles

  1. G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Cortical Bone Mapping: measurement and statistical analysis of localised skeletal changes. Current Osteoporosis Reports, Vol. 16, No. 5, pp. 617-625, October 2018.

  2. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, L. Chen, R. J. Housden, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Real-time quasi-static utrasound elastography, Journal of the Royal Society Interface Focus, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 540-552, August 2011.

  3. R. W. Prager, U. Z. Ijaz, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Journal of Engineering in Medicine, Vol. 224, No. 2, pp. 193-223, 2010.

  4. A. Gee, J. Lindop, G. Treece, R. Prager and S. Freeman. Stable, intelligible ultrasonic strain imaging. Ultrasound, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 187-192, November 2008.

  5. A. Gee, R. Prager, G. Treece, C. Cash and L. Berman. Processing and visualising three-dimensional ultrasound data. British Journal of Radiology. Vol. 77, No. S2, pp. S186-S193, December 2004.

  6. A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and L. Berman. Engineering a freehand 3D ultrasound system. Pattern Recognition Letters. Vol. 24, No. 4-5, pp. 757-777, 2003.

Invited Book Chapters

  1. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Freehand 3D ultrasound calibration: a review. In W. Sensen and B. Hallgrimsson, editors, Advanced Imaging in Biology and Medicine, Springer, Ch. 3, pp. 47-84, December 2008.

Conference Proceedings

  1. N. A. Segal, S. E. Ghobrial, M. R. Williams, C. J. Tonkin, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. Poole, T. Neogi, M. C. Nevitt, J. A. Lynch, T. D. Turmezei. Prediction of Structural Disease Progression in Knee Osteoarthritis from 3-D Weight Bearing Joint Space Width Proceedings of OARSI, 2023. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Vol. 31, pp. S278-S279, March 2023.

  2. N. A. Segal, M. R. Williams, S. Roques, C. J. Tonkin, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. Poole, T. Neogi, M. C. Nevitt, J. A. Lynch, T. D. Turmezei. 3-D Relationships Between Joint Space Narrowing and Bone Structure at the Knee as Uncovered by Weight Bearing Computed Tomography Proceedings of OARSI, 2023. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Vol. 31, pp. S276-S277, March 2023.

  3. N. Hong, G. Treece, K.-J. Kim, S. Lee, H. Park, Y. Rhee Bisphosphonate protects cortical bone at key locations of the femur in aromatase-inhibitor associated bone loss: a 3D cortical bone mapping study. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 42nd Annual Meeting, online, September 2020. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 35, S1, pp. 250-251, November 2020.

  4. N. Hong, J. H. Kim, H. Jung, W. J. Lee, H. C. Kim, Y. Rhee, G. Treece, J. K. Brown Impaired Cortical and Trabecular microstructure of Proximal Femur in HIV-infected Men Compared to Age-matched Uninfected Men measured by 3D Cortical Bone Mapping. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 41st Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, September 2019. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Vol. 34, S1, pp. 109-110, December 2019.

  5. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, R. A. Pearson, A. H. Gee, M. A. Bolognese, J. P. Brown, S. Goemaere, A. Grauer, D. A. Hanley, C. Hautalen, C. Recknor, Y. C. Yang, C. Libanati, T. Whitmarsh. Romosozumab enhances 3D vertebral structure in women with low bone density: mapping bone gains at one year compared with teriparatide or placebo. World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases. Osteoporosis International Vol. 30, S2, pp. S164, July 2019,

  6. N. Sjoquist, T. Barrett, D. Thurtle, V. J. Gnanapragasam, K. Poole, G. Treece. Automatic Detection and Visualisation of Metastatic Bone Disease. In: Zheng Y., Williams B., Chen K. (eds) Medical Image Understanding and Analysis. MIUA 2019. Communications in Computer and Information Science, Vol. 1065. Springer, Cham.

  7. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, S. Sigurðsson, H. Jónsson, T. Aspelund, V. Gudnason, K. E. Poole. 3D joint space mapping is a better predictor of future total hip replacement than current 2D radiographic gold standards: an ages-reykjavik study. OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Vol. 27, S1, pp. S341-S342, April 2019.

  8. S. B. Low, S. A. Neil, J. A. Lynch, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, K. E. Poole, T. D. Turmezei. 3D joint space mapping of the knee: a feasibility study with standing CT data from the multicenter osteoarthritis study. OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Vol. 27, S1, pp. S343-S345, April 2019.

  9. J. W. MacKay, T. D. Turmezei, J. Kaggie, A. R. Morgan-Roberts, R. L. Janiczek, W. Khan, S. McDonnell, M. J. Graves, G. M. Treece, A. W. McCaskie, F. J. GIlbert. Cartilage imaging for experimental medicine studies: 6-month changes in morphology and composition can be detected by 3D cartilage surface mapping of knee magnetic resonance imaging data. OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Vol. 27, S1, pp. S244-S255, April 2019.

  10. K. Poole, I Burkov, G. Treece, A. Gee, T. Turmezei, F. Joannesdottir, S. Sigurdsson, T. Harris, H. Jonsson, V. Gudnason. Predicting total hip replacement for symptomatic osteoarthritis using radiographs or clinical computed tomography; a prospective case-control study. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 40th Annual Meeting, Montreal, Canada, November 2018.

  11. J. W. MacKay, T. D. Turmezei, J. Kaggie, A. R. Morgan, R. L. Janiczek, W. Khan, S. McDonnell, M. J. Graves, G. M. Treece, A. W. McCaskie, F. J. GIlbert. Repeatability and discrimination validity of cartilage imaging biomarkers for experimental medicine studies of knee osteoarthritis. OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Vol. 26, S1, pp. S464-S465, April 2018.

  12. D. Thurtle, G. Treece, T. Barrett, V. Gnanapragasam. Novel three-dimensional bone ‘mapping’ software can help assess progression of osseous prostate cancer metastases from routine CT. European Urology Supplements, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. e104 - e105, March 2017.

  13. N. B. Stephens, T. L. Kivell, D. H. Pahr, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, J.-J. Hublin, et al. Signals of loading and function in the human hand: a multi-method analysis of the external cortical and internal trabecular bone of the metacarpals. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 159(S62), pp. 302-303, 2016.

  14. T. Turmezei, A. H. Gee, K. E. Poole, G. M. Treece. 3D modelling of the hip joint from clinical imaging data. Proceedings of the OARSI World Congress on Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. Vol. 24, S1, pp. S293-S294, April 2016.

  15. T. Turmezei, K. Poole, G Treece. Three-dimensional measurement of the hip joint space from clinical CT for the assessment and prediction of osteoarthritis. Proceedings of the Academy of Medical Sciences. The Lancet. Vol. 387, S101, March 2016.

  16. G. M. Treece, A. Gee, C. Tonkin, K. Poole. Rate of Change of Cortical Mass with Age over the Femoral Surface. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 37th Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA, September 2015.

  17. T. Whitmarsh, G. M. Treece, A. Gee, K. Poole. Cortical Bone Thickness Measurements from CT in the Presence of Metalwork. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 37th Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA, September 2015.

  18. R. Pearson and G. M. Treece. Improving Cortical Bone Measurements through the Inclusion of an Endocortical Parameter. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 37th Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA, September 2015.

  19. T. Rikkonen, G. M. Treece, F. Johannesdottir, K. Poole. Focal cortical thinning is associated with lower thigh muscle area in hip fractures and controls. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 37th Annual Meeting, Seattle, USA, September 2015.

  20. T. Whitmarsh, G. Treece, A. Gee, M. Bolognese, J. Brown, S. Goemaere. A, Grauer, D. Hanley, C. Mautalen, C. Recknor, Y. C. Yang, C. Libanati and K. Poole. Romosozumab and teriparatide effects on vertebral cortical mass, thickness, and density in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD). Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014.

  21. G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical QCT. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014.

  22. F. Johannesdottir, K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, E. Thrall and M. Bouxsein. Relationship of cortical and endocortical-trabecular bone structure to femoral strength in a sideways fall configuration. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014.

  23. S. J. Allison, K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, C. Tonkin, W. J. Rennie, J. P. Folland, G. D. Summers and K. Brooke-Wavell. The influence of exercise on the 3D distribution of cortical and trabecular bone across the proximal femur: the HipHop study. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 36th Annual Meeting, Houston, USA, September 2014.

  24. G. Treece, A. Gee, T. Turmezei and K. Poole. The effects of age, weight and femoral shape on cortical thickness and mass of the hip. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013.

  25. K. Poole, G. Treece, K. Blesic, P. Mayhew, T. Turmezei, F. Johannesdottir, M. Vindlacheruvu, S. Donell, J. Vaculik, P. Dungl, M. Horak, J. Stepan and A. Gee. Precise 3D localisation of cortical defects associated with subcapital, trans-cervical and trochanteric hip fractures in life. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013.

  26. N. Tsaousis, A. Gee, G. Treece and K. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping from multi-view DXA. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013.

  27. T. Whitmarsh, G. Treece, A. Gee and K. Poole. Cortical thickness and density changes over the proximal femur resulting from switching to or combining with teriparatide after prior treatment with raloxifene or alendronate. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013.

  28. F. Johannesdottir, G. Treece, A. Gee, K. Blesic, M. Vindlacheruvu, S. Donell and K. Poole. Cortical bone defects associated with hip fractures in men. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 35th Annual Meeting, Baltimore, USA, October 2013.

  29. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and K. E. S. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping reveals effects of age, weight and osteophytes in the proximal femur. Accepted for oral presentation at the European Congress of Radiology 2013.

  30. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and K. E. S. Poole. Cortical thickness mapping reveals effects of age, weight and osteophytes in the proximal femur. Accepted for oral presentation at the BACA Winter 2012 Meeting in Chelmsford, December 2012.

  31. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, J. P. Brown, M. R. McClung, A. Wang and C. Libanati. Denosumab treatment is associated with progressive improvements in cortical mass and thickness throughout the hip. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 34th Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, USA, October 2012.

  32. T. D. Turmezei, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, C. J. Tonkin, M. Vindlacheruvu, K. Blesic and K. E. S. Poole. Proximal femoral cortical thickness in postmenopausal women shows highly localised significant asymmetry. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 34th Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, USA, October 2012.

  33. E. L. Neale, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Can fibroids be demonstrated on 3-dimensional elastrography? Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 38, No. S1, pp. 275, October 2011.

  34. G. M. Treece, K. E. S. Poole and A. H. Gee. Estimation of cortical density with clinical CT. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 33rd Annual Meeting, San Diego, USA, September 2011.

  35. K. E. S. Poole, G. M. Treece, P. M. Mayhew, M. Horak, J. J. Stepan and A. H. Gee. Precise 3D localisation of a cortical thinning defect associated with femoral neck fracture in life. Proceedings of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 33rd Annual Meeting, San Diego, USA, September 2011.

  36. K. A. Taylor, S. O'Keefe, M. G. Wallis, R. Sinnatamby and G. M. Treece. Ultrasound elastography as an adjunct to conventional ultrasound, comparing sensitivity in the pre operative assessment of axillary lymph nodes. European Congress on Radiology, B-080, Vienna, Austria, March 2011.

  37. L. Garcia, J. Fromageau, C. Uff, J. C. Bamber, R. J. Housden and G. M. Treece. Retaining axial-lateral orthogonality in steered ultrasound data to improve image quality in reconstructed lateral displacement data. Medical Imaging 2011, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 7961, No. 51, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA, February 2011.

  38. K. Taylor, S. O'Keeffe, M. G. Wallis, R. J. Housden and G. M. Treece. Ultrasound elastography as an adjuvant to conventional ultrasound in the pre-operative diagnosis of malignant axillary lymph nodes in patients with suspected breast cancer: a pilot study. Proceedings of Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2010, pp. 36, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2010.

  39. R. J. Housden, C. Uff, L. Chen, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and J. C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of strain image volumes. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2010, pp. 49, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2010.

  40. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A normalization algorithm for axial-shear strain elastography. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2010, pp. 68, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2010.

  41. K. Taylor, S. O’Keeffe, M. Wallis and G. M. Treece. Ultrasound elastography as an adjuvant to conventional ultrasound in the pre-operative assessment of axillary lymph nodes in suspected breast cancer: a pilot study. Breast Cancer Research, Vol. 12(Suppl 3):O2, Royal College of Radiologists Breast Group Annual Scientific Meeting, Brighton, UK, October 2010.

  42. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, P. M. Mayhew and K. E. S. Poole. Improved evaluation of hip structure using high resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2010, Toronto, Canada, October 2010.

  43. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, P. M. Mayhew, J. Borggrefe and K. E. S. Poole. Teriparatide treatment of osteoporotic women increases cortical bone at critical sites in the proximal femur: an in-vivo study using high resolution cortical thickness mapping. American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2010, Toronto, Canada, October 2010.

  44. K. E. S. Poole, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Improved evaluation of hip structure using high resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Clinician Scientists in Training 2010, pp. 27(62), Royal College of Physicians, London, UK, February 2010.

  45. R. W. Prager, H. H. Wong, H. Gomersall, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece, Using graphics processors for three-dimensional ultrasound deconvolution. In Proceedings Medical Physics and Engineering Conference 2010, IPEM, pp. 71, Nottingham, UK, September 2010.

  46. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, L. Chen and R. W. Prager. The use of quality metrics in ultrasonic strain imaging. Acoustical Imaging, Vol. 30, Monterey, March 2009.

  47. U. Z. Ijaz, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. A study of similarity measures for in vivo 3D ultrasound volume registration. Acoustical Imaging, Vol. 30, Monterey, March 2009.

  48. U. Z. Ijaz, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Particle swarm optimimization for in vivo 3D ultrasound volume registration. Acoustical Imaging, Vol. 30, Monterey, March 2009.

  49. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Freehand strain image normalization for convex probes. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2009, pp. 87 Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

  50. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Development of a weighting scheme for strain estimation. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2009, pp. 35, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

  51. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for strain imaging. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2009, pp. 66, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, September 2009.

  52. A. H. Gee, L. Chen, S. Freeman, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and L. H. Berman. A clinical database for evaluating freehand quasistatic strain imaging systems. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2008, pp. 25, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

  53. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Fast, variable smoothing of strain data using nonparametric regression. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2008, pp. 57, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

  54. L. Chen, G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A multi-directional displacement tracking algorithm for strain imaging. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2008, pp. 60, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

  55. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, G. P. Berry, L. Garcia and J. C. Bamber. A comparison of 3D strain image quality using freehand 3D imaging and a mechanically-swept 3D probe. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2008, pp. 53, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2008.

  56. J. K. H. Ng, W. H. Gomersall, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A.H. Gee. Wavelet restoration of three-dimensional medical pulse-echo ultrasound datasets in an EM framework. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29, pp. 403-408, Springer, 2008.

  57. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Near-real-time 3D ultrasonic strain imaging. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29, pp. 27-32, Springer, 2008.

  58. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in strain imaging. In I. Akiyama, editor, Acoustical Imaging, Volume 29, pp. 33-38, Springer, 2008.

  59. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Normalisation in freehand strain imaging. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2007, pp. 27, Santa Fe, USA, November 2007.

  60. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Freehand strain imaging with a 3D probe. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2007, pp. 66, Santa Fe, USA, November 2007.

  61. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Compounding and display of pseudo-strain data. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2007, pp. 29, Santa Fe, USA, November 2007.

  62. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Strain estimation by non-parametric surface regression. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2007, pp. 33, Santa Fe, USA, November 2007.

  63. P-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6513, Medical Imaging 2007, San Diego, California, February 2007.

  64. P-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, N. E. Houghton, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Accurate fiducial location for freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6513, Medical Imaging 2007, San Diego, California, February 2007.

  65. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Efficient elimination of dropouts in displacement tracking. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2006, pp. 68, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2006.

  66. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Location estimation increases the accuracy of ultrasonic strain estimates. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2006, pp. 104, Snowbird, Utah, USA, October 2006.

  67. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Sensorless reconstruction of freehand 3D ultrasound data. Proceedings of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI'06), Vol 2, pp. 356-363, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 2006 (LNCS 4191, Springer).

  68. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. An iterative, wavelet-based deconvolution algorithm for the restoration of ultrasound images in an EM framework. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6147, Medical Imaging 2006, pp. 77-88, San Diego, California, February 2006.

  69. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Frame filtering for improved freehand 3D ultrasound elastography. Ultrasonic Measurement and Imaging of Tissue Elasticity 2005, pp. 74, Austin, Texas, USA, October 2005.

  70. R. J. Housden, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound for non-monotonic and intersecting frames. Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2005), pp. 127-130, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

  71. P. Hassenpflug, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2005), pp. 119-122, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

  72. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. [Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2005), pp. 91-94, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

  73. A. Marianski, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Ultrasound point-spread function estimation using higher order statistics. Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2005), pp. 223-226, Bristol, UK, July 2005.

  74. C. Cash, L. Berman, G. Treece, A. Gee and R. Prager. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the normal and abnormal neonatal foot using high-resolution freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA 2004), Chicago, USA, December 2004.

  75. C. Cash, A. Sardesai. L. Berman, M. Herrick, G. Treece, R. Prager and A. Gee. Spatial mapping of the brachial plexus using high resolution three-dimensional ultrasound. Proceedings of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA 2004), Chicago, USA, December 2004.

  76. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. 3D elastography using freehand ultrasound. Proceedings of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Part II (MICCAI 2004), pp. 1103-1104, Rennes, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

  77. P. Hassenpflug, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Distance measurement for sensorless 3D US. Proceedings of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Part II (MICCAI 2004), pp. 1087-1088, Rennes, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

  78. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Freely available software for 3D RF ultrasound. Proceedings of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2004), pp. 1099-1100, Rennes, France, September 2004 (LNCS 3217, Springer).

  79. R. Chung, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. High frequency image-based flow detection. Proceedings of Advanced Metrology for Ultrasound in Medicine (Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1), pp. 193-198, National Physical Laboratory, UK, April 2004.

  80. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Using image-based regression to acquire freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pp. 970-973, Washington DC, USA, July 2002.

  81. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Grey-scale gating for freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, pp. 993-996, Washington DC, USA, July 2002.

  82. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2001), pp. 283-290, Utrecht, The Netherlands, October 2001 (LNCS 2208, Springer).

  83. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement of large organs with 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 3982, Medical Imaging 2000 (Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing), pp. 2-13, San Diego, California, February 2000.

  84. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement of large organs with 3D ultrasound (shorter version). Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2000), pp. 133-136, London, July 2000.

  85. J. C. Carr, J. L. Stallkamp, M. M. Fynes, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece, C. Overton and L. Berman. Design of a clinical free-hand 3D ultrasound system. Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 3982, Medical Imaging 2000 (Ultrasonic Imaging and Signal Processing), pp. 14-25, San Diego, California, February 2000.

  86. J. C. Carr, J. L. Stallkamp, M. M. Fynes, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece, C. Overton and L. Berman. Design of a clinical free-hand 3D ultrasound system (shorter version). Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis (MIUA 2000), pp. 15-18, London, July 2000.

  87. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. Proceedings of Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pp. 17-20, Oxford, July 1999.

  88. R. Rohling, A. Gee, L. Berman and G. Treece. Radial basis function interpolation for freehand 3D ultrasound. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, pp. 478-483, Visegrad, Hungary, June/July 1999 (LNCS 1613, Springer).

  89. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Volume measurement in sequential freehand 3-D ultrasound. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging, pp. 70-83, Visegrad, Hungary, June/July 1999 (LNCS 1613, Springer).

Invited Conference Presentations

  1. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, N. G. Kingsbury, J. E. Lindop, H. Gomersall and H.-C. Shin. Deconvolution and elastography based on 3D ultrasound. 2008 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, Beijing, China, November 2008.

  2. G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Radiotherapy planning with freehand 3D ultrasound. Bioengineering 08, London, UK, September 2008.

  3. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, C. J. C. Cash and L. H. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound for tumour bed localization to improve breast radiotherapy planning. Tutorial presented at Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'03, Montreal, Canada, November 2003.

  4. R. Prager, G. Treece and A. Gee. Stradx: the highest definition 3D ultrasound system in the world. Presented at Cambridge University Engineers Association Annual Conference 2003, Cambridge, UK, September 2003.

  5. R. Prager, A. Gee, G. Treece and L. Berman. Freehand 3D ultrasound without voxels: volume measurement and visualisation using the Stradx system. Presented at Ultrasonics International, Delft, The Netherlands, July 2001.

  6. A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager and G. M. Treece. Sequential 3D diagnostic ultrasound using the stradx system. Tutorial presented at Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI'99, Cambridge, UK, September 1999. Revised and extended, June 2001.

PhD Theses

  1. G. M. Treece. Volume measurement and surface visualisation in sequential freehand 3D ultrasound. PhD thesis, Cambridge University, November 2000.

  2. J. E. Lindop. 2D and 3D elasticity imaging using freehand ultrasound. PhD thesis, Cambridge University, March 2008.

  3. T. D. Turmezei. 3D mapping of the hip joint from clinical imaging data. PhD thesis, Cambridge University, December 2016.

  4. R. A. Pearson. Automated modelling of cortical bone from clinical CT. PhD thesis, Cambridge University, December 2017.

Technical Reports

  1. G. M. Treece. Real image denoising with a locally-adaptive bitonic filter. Technical report ENG-TR.006, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2021.

  2. A. H. Gee, Y. Zhao, G. M. Treece, M. L. Bance. Practicable assessment of cochlear size and shape from clinical CT images. Technical report CUED/ENG/TR004, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2020.

  3. G. M. Treece. Morphology-based noise reduction: structural variation and thresholding in the Bitonic Filter. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR705, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2018.

  4. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, K. E. S. Poole. How does the femoral cortex depend on bone shape? A methodology for the joint analysis of surface texture and shape. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR704, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2017.

  5. G. M. Treece. Refinement of clinical X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans containing metal implants. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR701, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2016.

  6. G. M. Treece. The bitonic filter: linear filtering in an edge-preserving morphological framework. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR700, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 2015.

  7. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. J. Tonkin, D. M. Black and K. E. S. Poole. Association between fracture size and a focal defect of the superior femoral neck. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR696, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, February 2015.

  8. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, C. Tonkin, S. K. Ewing, P. M. Cawthon, D. Black and K. E. S. Poole. Predicting hip fracture type with cortical bone mapping (CBM) in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR695, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2015.

  9. G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Independent measurement of femoral cortical thickness and cortical bone density using clinical CT. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR691, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2014.

  10. A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Systematic misregistration and the statistical analysis of surface data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR686, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2013.

  11. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Ultrasonic imaging of 3D displacement vectors using a simulated 2D array and beamsteering. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR669, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2011.

  12. G. M. Treece, K. E. S. Poole and A. H. Gee. Imaging the femoral cortex: thickness, density and mass from clinical CT. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 665, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2011.

  13. R. J. Housden, C. Uff, L. Chen, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and J.C. Bamber. A new method for the acquisition of ultrasonic strain image volumes. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 656, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2010.

  14. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A data weighting scheme for quasistatic ultrasound elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 651, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2010.

  15. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A normalization method for axial-shear strain elastography. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 645, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2010.

  16. U. Z. Ijaz, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Rapid hybrid ultrasound volume registration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 644, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2010.

  17. W. H. Gomersall, N. G. Kingsbury, R. W. Prager, H.-C. Shin, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Parameter initialisation for three-dimensional ultrasound deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 640, Cambirdge University Department of Engineering, December 2009.

  18. U. Z. Ijaz, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Optimisation strategies for ultrasound volume registration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 635, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2009.

  19. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, P. M. Mayhew and K. E. S. Poole. High resolution cortical thickness measurement from clinical CT data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 634, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2009.

  20. H.-C. Shin, R. Prager, H. Gomersall, N. Kingsbury, G. Treece and A. Gee. Estimation of speed of sound using medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 626, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2009.

  21. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Uniform precision ultrasound strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 624, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2009.

  22. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. 3D ultrasonic strain imaging using freehand scanning and a mechanically-swept probe. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 623, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2009.

  23. L. Chen, R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A hybrid displacement estimation method for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 615, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2008.

  24. H.-C. Shin, R. Prager, J. Ng, H. Gomersall, N. Kingsbury, G. Treece and A. Gee. Sensitivity to point-spread function parameters in medical ultrasound image deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 600, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2009.

  25. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Nonparametric surface regression for strain estimation. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 598, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2008.

  26. L. Chen, G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. A quality-guided displacement tracking algorithm for ultrasonic elasticity imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 593, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2008.

  27. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager and G. M. Treece. Rotational motion in sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 587, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2007.

  28. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Freehand 3D ultrasound calibration: a review. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 584, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 2007.

  29. P.-W. Hsu, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, N. E. Houghton and A. H. Gee. Comparison of freehand 3D ultrasound calibration techniques using a stylus. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 579, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2007.

  30. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. An intelligent interface for freehand strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 578, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2007.

  31. G. M. Treece, J. E. Lindop, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Freehand ultrasound elastography with a 3D probe. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 577, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2007.

  32. R. J. Housden, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Hybrid systems for reconstruction of freehand 3D ultrasound data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 574, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2007.

  33. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Dynamic resolution selection in ultrasonic strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 566, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2006.

  34. P-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Real-time freehand 3D ultrasound calibration. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 565, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2006.

  35. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Ultrasound compounding with automatic attenuation compensation using paired angle scans. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 558, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2006.

  36. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Phase-based ultrasonic deformation estimation. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 555, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

  37. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece, and A. H. Gee. Wavelet restoration of medical pulse-echo ultrasound images in an EM framework. Technical Report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 554, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

  38. R. J. Housden, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Sensorless reconstruction of unconstrained freehand 3D ultrasound data. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 553, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, May 2006.

  39. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. Estimation of displacement location for enhanced strain imaging. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 550, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2006.

  40. R. J. Housden and A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Sub-sample interpolation strategies for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 545, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2006.

  41. P.-W. Hsu, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Rapid, easy and reliable calibration for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 534, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2005.

  42. J. E. Lindop, G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. 3D elastography using freehand ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 531, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2005.

  43. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Tomographic estimation of the point-spread function of an ultrasound imaging system for deconvolution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 529, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2005.

  44. P. Hassenpflug, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Speckle classification for sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 513, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 2005.

  45. A. H. Gee, R. J. Housden, P. Hassenpflug, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. Sensorless freehand 3D ultrasound in real tissue: speckle decorrelation without fully developed speckle. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 510, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2005.

  46. J. K. H. Ng, R. W. Prager, N. G. Kingsbury, G. M. Treece and A. H. Gee. Modelling ultrasound imaging as a linear shift-variant system. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 509, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2005.

  47. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Ultrasound attenuation measurement in the presence of scatterer variation for reduction of shadowing and enhancement. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 502, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2004.

  48. A. H. Gee, N. E. Houghton, G. M. Treece and R. W. Prager. 3D ultrasound probe calibration without a position sensor. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 488, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2004.

  49. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee and R. W. Prager. RF and amplitude-based probe pressure correction for 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 491, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2004.

  50. A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Rapid Registration for Wide Field-of-View Freehand 3D Ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 447, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, January 2003.

  51. G. M. Treece, A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, C. J. C. Cash and L. H. Berman. High resolution freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 438, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, August 2002.

  52. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece, C. J. C. Cash and L. Berman. Using image-based regression to acquire freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 436, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, June 2002.

  53. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound - further results and convex probes. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 421, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, October 2001.

  54. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee, G. M. Treece and L. Berman. Speckle detection in ultrasound images using first order statistics. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 415, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 2001.

  55. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Correction of probe pressure artifacts in freehand 3D ultrasound - initial results. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 411, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2001.

  56. R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and G. M. Treece. Decompression and speckle detection for ultrasound images using the homodyned k-distribution. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 397, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, November 2000.

  57. A. H. Gee, R. W. Prager, G. M. Treece and L. Berman. Narrow-band volume rendering for freehand 3D ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 392, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 2000.

  58. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Volume-based three-dimensional metamorphosis using region correspondence. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 379, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, April 2000.

  59. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. 3D ultrasound examination of large organs. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 367, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, December 1999.

  60. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Surface interpolation from sparse cross-sections using region correspondence. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 342, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, March 1999.

  61. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager and A. H. Gee. Regularised marching tetrahedra: improved iso-surface extraction. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 333, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, September 1998.

  62. G. M. Treece, R. W. Prager, A. H. Gee and L. Berman. Fast Surface and Volume Estimation from Non-parallel Cross-sections for Freehand 3-D Ultrasound. Technical report CUED/F-INFENG/TR 326, Cambridge University Department of Engineering, July 1998.

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